def clamp_number(num, a, b):
  return max(min(num, max(a, b)), min(a, b))
  
clamp_number(2, 3, 5) # 3
clamp_number(1, -1, -5) # -1

def max_n(lst, n = 1):
  return sorted(lst, reverse = True)[:n]

max_n([1, 2, 3]) # [3]
max_n([1, 2, 3], 2) # [3, 2]

#Python 3: Fibonacci series up to n
def fib(n):
 a, b = 0, 1
 while a < n:
     print(a, end=' ')
     a, b = b, a+b
 print()
fib(1000)

import string

def caesar(text, shift, alphabets):
	def shift_alphabet(alphabet):
	    return alphabet[shift:] + alphabet[:shift]
	
	shifted_alphabets = tuple(map(shift_alphabet, alphabets))
	final_alphabet = "".join(alphabets)
	final_shifted_alphabet = "".join(shifted_alphabets)
	table = str.maketrans(final_alphabet, final_shifted_alphabet)
	return text.translate(table)

plain_text = "Hey Skrome, welcome to CodeCatch"
print(caesar(plain_text, 8, [string.ascii_lowercase, string.ascii_uppercase, string.punctuation]))

list_1 = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
cubed = map(lambda x: pow(x,3), list_1)
print(list(cubed))

#Results
#[1, 8, 27, 64, 125, 216, 343, 512, 729]

# Given a number n, print all primes smaller than or equal to n. It is also given that n is a small number.
# For example, if n is 10, the output should be “2, 3, 5, 7”. If n is 20, the output should be “2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19”.


# Python program to print all primes smaller than or equal to
# n using Sieve of Eratosthenes

def SieveOfEratosthenes(n):
	
	# Create a boolean array "prime[0..n]" and initialize
	# all entries it as true. A value in prime[i] will
	# finally be false if i is Not a prime, else true.
	prime = [True for i in range(n + 1)]
	p = 2
	while (p * p <= n):
		
		# If prime[p] is not changed, then it is a prime
		if (prime[p] == True):
			
			# Update all multiples of p
			for i in range(p * 2, n + 1, p):
				prime[i] = False
		p += 1
	prime[0]= False
	prime[1]= False
	# Print all prime numbers
	for p in range(n + 1):
		if prime[p]:
			print (p)

# driver program
if __name__=='__main__':
    n = 30
    print("Following are the prime numbers smaller")
    print("than or equal to ", n)
    print("than or equal to ", n)
    SieveOfEratosthenes(n)