my_list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
removed_element = my_list.pop(2)  # Remove and return element at index 2
print(removed_element)  # 3
print(my_list)  # [1, 2, 4, 5]

last_element = my_list.pop()  # Remove and return the last element
print(last_element)  # 5
print(my_list)  # [1, 2, 4]

from collections import Counter

def find_parity_outliers(nums):
  return [
    x for x in nums
    if x % 2 != Counter([n % 2 for n in nums]).most_common()[0][0]
  ]

find_parity_outliers([1, 2, 3, 4, 6]) # [1, 3]

filename = "data.txt"
data = "Hello, World!"

with open(filename, "a") as file:
    file.write(data)

import itertools
import string
import time

def guess_password(real):
    chars = string.ascii_lowercase + string.ascii_uppercase + string.digits + string.punctuation
    attempts = 0
    for password_length in range(1, 9):
        for guess in itertools.product(chars, repeat=password_length):
            startTime = time.time()
            attempts += 1
            guess = ''.join(guess)
            if guess == real:
                return 'password is {}. found in {} guesses.'.format(guess, attempts)
            loopTime = (time.time() - startTime);
            print(guess, attempts, loopTime)

print("\nIt will take A REALLY LONG TIME to crack a long password. Try this out with a 3 or 4 letter password and see how this program works.\n")
val = input("Enter a password you want to crack that is 9 characters or below: ")
print(guess_password(val.lower()))

from statistics import median, mean, mode

def print_stats(array):
  print(array)
  print("median =", median(array))
  print("mean   =", mean(array))
  print("mode   =", mode(array))
  print()

print_stats([1, 2, 3, 3, 4])
print_stats([1, 2, 3, 3])

filename = "data.txt"
with open(filename, "r") as file:
    file_contents = file.readlines()
    file_contents = [line.strip() for line in file_contents]

print("File contents:")
for line in file_contents:
    print(line)