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#Python program to print topological sorting of a DAGfrom collections import defaultdict#Class to represent a graphclass Graph:def __init__(self,vertices):self.graph = defaultdict(list) #dictionary containing adjacency Listself.V = vertices #No. of vertices# function to add an edge to graphdef addEdge(self,u,v):self.graph[u].append(v)# A recursive function used by topologicalSortdef topologicalSortUtil(self,v,visited,stack):# Mark the current node as visited.visited[v] = True# Recur for all the vertices adjacent to this vertexfor i in self.graph[v]:if visited[i] == False:self.topologicalSortUtil(i,visited,stack)# Push current vertex to stack which stores resultstack.insert(0,v)# The function to do Topological Sort. It uses recursive# topologicalSortUtil()def topologicalSort(self):# Mark all the vertices as not visitedvisited = [False]*self.Vstack =[]# Call the recursive helper function to store Topological# Sort starting from all vertices one by onefor i in range(self.V):if visited[i] == False:self.topologicalSortUtil(i,visited,stack)# Print contents of stackprint(stack)g= Graph(6)g.addEdge(5, 2);g.addEdge(5, 0);g.addEdge(4, 0);g.addEdge(4, 1);g.addEdge(2, 3);g.addEdge(3, 1);print("Following is a Topological Sort of the given graph")g.topologicalSort()
""" Binary Search Algorithm----------------------------------------"""#iterative implementation of binary search in Pythondef binary_search(a_list, item):"""Performs iterative binary search to find the position of an integer in a given, sorted, list.a_list -- sorted list of integersitem -- integer you are searching for the position of"""first = 0last = len(a_list) - 1while first <= last:i = (first + last) / 2if a_list[i] == item:return ' found at position '.format(item=item, i=i)elif a_list[i] > item:last = i - 1elif a_list[i] < item:first = i + 1else:return ' not found in the list'.format(item=item)#recursive implementation of binary search in Pythondef binary_search_recursive(a_list, item):"""Performs recursive binary search of an integer in a given, sorted, list.a_list -- sorted list of integersitem -- integer you are searching for the position of"""first = 0last = len(a_list) - 1if len(a_list) == 0:return ' was not found in the list'.format(item=item)else:i = (first + last) // 2if item == a_list[i]:return ' found'.format(item=item)else:if a_list[i] < item:return binary_search_recursive(a_list[i+1:], item)else:return binary_search_recursive(a_list[:i], item)
def byte_size(s):return len(s.encode('utf-8'))byte_size('😀') # 4byte_size('Hello World') # 11
import calendar# Prompt user for year and monthyear = int(input("Enter the year: "))month = int(input("Enter the month: "))# Create a calendar objectcal = calendar.monthcalendar(year, month)# Display the calendarprint(calendar.month_name[month], year)print("Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun")for week in cal:for day in week:if day == 0:print(" ", end="")else:print(str(day).rjust(2), " ", end="")print()
# importing the modulesimport osimport shutil# getting the current working directorysrc_dir = os.getcwd()# printing current directoryprint(src_dir)# copying the filesshutil.copyfile('test.txt', 'test.txt.copy2') #copy src to dst# printing the list of new filesprint(os.listdir())
class Rectangle:passclass Square(Rectangle):passrectangle = Rectangle()square = Square()print(isinstance(rectangle, Rectangle)) # Trueprint(isinstance(square, Rectangle)) # Trueprint(isinstance(square, Square)) # Trueprint(isinstance(rectangle, Square)) # False