from collections import defaultdict

def collect_dictionary(obj):
  inv_obj = defaultdict(list)
  for key, value in obj.items():
    inv_obj[value].append(key)
  return dict(inv_obj)
  
ages = {
  'Peter': 10,
  'Isabel': 10,
  'Anna': 9,
}
collect_dictionary(ages) # { 10: ['Peter', 'Isabel'], 9: ['Anna'] }

def print_x_pattern(size):
    i,j = 0,size - 1

    while j >= 0 and i < size:

        initial_spaces = ' '*min(i,j)
        middle_spaces = ' '*(abs(i - j) - 1)
        final_spaces = ' '*(size - 1 - max(i,j))

        if j == i:
            print(initial_spaces + '*' + final_spaces)
        else:
            print(initial_spaces + '*' + middle_spaces + '*' + final_spaces)

        i += 1
        j -= 1

print_x_pattern(7)

import random

class Node:

    def __init__(self, c):

        self.left = None
        self.right = None
        self.color = c
    
    def SetColor(self,c) :
        self.color = c

    def PrintNode(self) :
        print(self.color)

def insert(s, root, i, n):
    if i < n:
        temp = Node(s[i]) 
        root = temp 
        root.left = insert(s, root.left,2 * i + 1, n) 
        root.right = insert(s, root.right,2 * i + 2, n)
    return root
  

def MakeTree(s) :
    list = insert(s,None,0,len(s))
    return list


def MakeSet() :
    s = []
    count = random.randint(7,12)
    for _ in range(count) :
        color = random.randint(0,1) == 0 and "Red" or "White"
        s.append(color)
    return s

def ChangeColor(root) :
    if (root != None) :
        if (root.color == "White") :
            root.SetColor("Red")
        ChangeColor(root.left)
        ChangeColor(root.right)


def PrintList(root) :
    if root.left != None :
        PrintList(root.left)
    else :
        root.PrintNode()
    if root.right != None :
        PrintList(root.right)
    else :
        root.PrintNode()


t1 = MakeTree(MakeSet())
print("Original Colors For Tree 1:\n")
PrintList(t1)
ChangeColor(t1)
print("New Colors For Tree 1:\n")
PrintList(t1)

t2 = MakeTree(MakeSet())
print("Original Colors For Tree 2:\n")
PrintList(t2)
ChangeColor(t2)
print("New Colors For Tree 2:\n")
PrintList(t2)

t3 = MakeTree(MakeSet())
print("Original Colors For Tree 3:\n")
PrintList(t3)
ChangeColor(t3)
print("New Colors For Tree 3:\n")
PrintList(t3)

# question3.py
from itertools import product
V='∀'
E='∃'

def tt(f,n) :
  xss=product((0,1),repeat=n)
  print('function:',f.__name__)
  for xs in xss : print(*xs,':',int(f(*xs)))
  print('')

# this is the logic for part A (p\/q\/r) /\ (p\/q\/~r) /\ (p\/~q\/r) /\ (p\/~q\/~r) /\ (~p\/q\/r) /\ (~p\/q\/~r) /\ (~p\/~q\/r) /\ (~p\/~q\/~r)

def parta(p,q,r) :
  
  a=(p or q or r) and (p or q or not r) and (p or not q or r)and (p or not q or  not r)
  b=(not p or q or r ) and (not p or q or not r) and (not p or not q or r) and (not p or not q or not r)
  c= a and b
  return c

def partb(p,q,r) :
  a=(p or q and r) and (p or not q or not r) and (p or not q or not  r)and (p or q or  not r)
  b=(not p or q or r ) and (not p or q or not r) and (not p or not q or r) and (not p or not q or not r)
  c= a and b
  return c

print("part A:")
tt(parta,3)

print("part B:")
tt(partb,3)

from collections import defaultdict

def combine_values(*dicts):
  res = defaultdict(list)
  for d in dicts:
    for key in d:
      res[key].append(d[key])
  return dict(res)
  
d1 = {'a': 1, 'b': 'foo', 'c': 400}
d2 = {'a': 3, 'b': 200, 'd': 400}

combine_values(d1, d2) # {'a': [1, 3], 'b': ['foo', 200], 'c': [400], 'd': [400]}

my_list = ["blue", "red", "green"]

#1- Using sort or srted directly or with specifc keys
my_list.sort() #sorts alphabetically or in an ascending order for numeric data 
my_list = sorted(my_list, key=len) #sorts the list based on the length of the strings from shortest to longest. 
# You can use reverse=True to flip the order

#2- Using locale and functools 
import locale
from functools import cmp_to_key
my_list = sorted(my_list, key=cmp_to_key(locale.strcoll))