#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
#include <string.h>

using namespace std;

int main() {

    string tickerName;
    int numOfContracts;
    float currentOptionValue;

    cout << "Enter a stock ticker: ";
    getline(cin, tickerName);

    cout << "Enter the current number of " << tickerName << " contracts you are holding: ";
    cin >> numOfContracts;


    cout << "Enter the current price of the option: ";
    cin >> currentOptionValue;


    cout << "The value of your " << tickerName << " options are: $" << (currentOptionValue * 100.00) * (numOfContracts);

    cout << endl;

    return 0;
}

#include <iostream>
#include "PlaylistNode.h"
using namespace std;
void PrintMenu(string title);

int main() {
   string plTitle;
   cout << "Enter playlist's title:" << endl;
   getline(cin, plTitle);
   PrintMenu(plTitle);
   return 0;
}

void PrintMenu(string title) {
   Playlist list;
   string id;
   string sname;
   string aname;
   int length;
   int oldPos;
   int newPos;
   char choice;
   
   while(true) {
      cout << endl << title << " PLAYLIST MENU" << endl;
      cout << "a - Add song" << endl;
      cout << "d - Remove song" << endl;
      cout << "c - Change position of song" << endl;
      cout << "s - Output songs by specific artist" << endl;
      cout << "t - Output total time of playlist (in seconds)" << endl;
      cout << "o - Output full playlist" << endl;
      cout << "q - Quit" << endl << endl;
      
      cout << "Choose an option:" << endl;
      cin >> choice;
      cin.ignore();
      
      if (choice == 'q') {
         exit(1);
      }
      else if (choice == 'a') {
         cout << "\nADD SONG" << endl;
         cout << "Enter song's unique ID: ";
         cin >> id;
         cin.ignore();
         cout << "Enter song's name: ";
         getline(cin,sname);
         cout << "Enter artist's name: ";
         getline(cin,aname);
         cout << "Enter song's length (in seconds): ";
         cin >> length;
         list.AddSong(id, sname, aname, length);
      }
      else if (choice == 'd') {
         cout << "\nREMOVE SONG" << endl;
         cout << "Enter song's unique ID: ";
         cin >> id;
         list.RemoveSong(id);
      }
      else if (choice == 'c') {
         cout << "\nCHANGE POSITION OF SONG" << endl;
         cout << "Enter song's current position: ";
         cin >> oldPos;
         cout << "Enter new position for song: ";
         cin >> newPos;
         list.ChangePosition(oldPos, newPos);
      }
      else if (choice == 's') {
         cout << "\nOUTPUT SONGS BY SPECIFIC ARTIST" << endl;
         cout << "Enter artist's name: ";
         getline(cin, aname);
         list.SongsByArtist(aname);
      }
      else if (choice == 't') {
         cout << "\nOUTPUT TOTAL TIME OF PLAYLIST (IN SECONDS)" << endl;
         cout << "Total time: " << list.TotalTime() << " seconds" << endl;
      }
      else if (choice == 'o') {
         cout << endl << title << " - OUTPUT FULL PLAYLIST" << endl;
         list.PrintList();
      }
      else {
         cout << "Invalid menu choice! Please try again." << endl;
      }
   }
}

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {


    int arr[5];
    
    for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        arr[i] = i;
    }

    for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        cout << "Outputting array info at position " << i + 1 << ": " << arr[i] << endl;
    }

    for(int i=0;i<5;i++)
	{		
		for(int j=i+1;j<5;j++)
		{
			if(arr[i]>arr[j])
			{
				int temp=arr[i];
				arr[i]=arr[j];
				arr[j]=temp;
			}
		}
	}

    cout << endl;

    for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        cout << "Outputting sorted array info at position " << i + 1 << ": " << arr[i] << endl;
    }

    return 0;
}

/*
this program will simulate the spreading of a disease through a 
grid of people, starting from a user-defined person. It will count
the number of turns taken before everyone on the grid is immunized
to the disease after having caught it once.
This program will user the SIR model (Susceptible, Infectious, Recovered)
 and cellular automata to simulate the people in the grid.
*/
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

/* Any and all global variables */
const int SIZE = 8; //Size of the square person array

/* Any and all functions */
void gridDefaultify(char[][SIZE], int);
	//Purpose: Sets each item in the person array to 's'
	//Parameters: A square, two-dimensional array
	//            The size of that array's bounds
void gridDisplay(char[][SIZE], int);
	//Purpose: Formats and prints the information in the person grid
	//Parameters: A square, two-dimensional array
	//            The value of the current day
void nextTurn(char[][SIZE], char[][SIZE], int&);
	//Purpose: Updates the grid of people, and the current day
	//Parameters: Two square, two-dimensional arrays
	//            A reference to the current day (so that it can be updated)
int countInfected(char[][SIZE], int);
	//Purpose: Counts the number of infectious people on the grid
	//Parameters: A square, two-dimensional array
	//            The size of that array's bounds


int main(){
	int currentDay = 0; //Infection begins on day 0, and ends one day after the last person is Recovered
	char gridCurrent[SIZE][SIZE]; //Grid of all people
	char gridUpdate[SIZE][SIZE]; //Where the user chooses to start the infection
	int xToInfect;
	int yToInfect; //Set of coordinates for the initial infection position, given by user
	
	//Initializes the grids to all 's'
	gridDefaultify(gridCurrent, SIZE);
	gridDefaultify(gridUpdate, SIZE);
	
	//The below block gets the initial infection coordinates from the user
	cout << "Please enter a location to infect: ";
	while(true){
		cin >> xToInfect >> yToInfect;

		xToInfect--;
		yToInfect--;
		
		if(xToInfect < 0 || yToInfect < 0 || xToInfect >= SIZE || yToInfect >= SIZE){
			cout << "Those coordinates are outside the bounds of this region." << endl;
			cout << "Please enter another location to infect: ";
			continue;
		} else {
			gridCurrent[xToInfect][yToInfect] = 'i';
			break;
		}
	}
	
	//Displays the initial state of the grid
	gridDisplay(gridCurrent, currentDay);
	
	//The below block will display and update the grid until the infection is done.
	while(true){
		nextTurn(gridCurrent, gridUpdate, currentDay);
		gridDisplay(gridCurrent, currentDay);
		if(countInfected(gridCurrent, SIZE) == 0) break; //Once there are no more infected, the game is done
	}
	
	//Displays the number of days taken for the infection to end
	cout << "It took " << currentDay + 1 << " days for the outbreak to end";
	
	cout << endl;
	return 0;
}

void gridDefaultify(char arr[][SIZE], int arrSize){
	for(int x = 0; x < arrSize; x++){
		for(int y = 0; y < arrSize; y++){
			arr[x][y] = 's'; //Sets all items in the passed-in array to 's'
		}
	}
	return;
}

void gridDisplay(char arr[][SIZE], int day){
	cout << "Day " << day << endl; //Prints the current day
	for(int x = 0; x < SIZE; x++){
		for(int y = 0; y < SIZE; y++){
			cout << arr[x][y] <<" "; //Prints the array's contents
		}
		cout << endl; //Formats with newlines
	}
	cout << endl; //Some spacing
	return;
}

void nextTurn(char today[][SIZE], char update[][SIZE], int& day){
	day++; //Updates the day
	int xCheck; //X coordinate to be checked
	int yCheck; //Y coordinate to be checked
	
	for(int x = 0; x < SIZE; x++){
		for(int y = 0; y < SIZE; y++){
			//Sets all 'i' to 'r' in the new grid
			if(today[x][y] == 'i' || today[x][y] == 'r'){
				update[x][y] = 'r'; //Updates all infectious to recovered, and keeps current recovered
			}
			if(today[x][y] == 's'){									// If the person is susceptible...
				for(int xCheck = x-1; xCheck <= x+1; xCheck++){		// Check all x coordinates around the person
					for(int yCheck = y-1; yCheck <= y+1; yCheck++){	// Check all y coordinates around the person
						if(xCheck == x && yCheck == y){
																	// Don't check at the person because there is no need to check there
						} else {
							if(xCheck >= 0 && yCheck >= 0 && xCheck < SIZE && yCheck < SIZE){ // Make sure the checked coordinates are in bounds
								if(today[xCheck][yCheck] == 'i'){	//Is the person at the checked coordinates infected?
									update[x][y] = 'i';				//If so, update the 's' to 'i' in the new grid
								}
							}
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}
	
	for(int x = 0; x < SIZE; x++){
		for(int y = 0; y < SIZE; y++){
			today[x][y] = update[x][y]; //Updates today's grid with the new values
		}
	}
}

int countInfected(char arr[][SIZE], int arrSize){
	int count = 0;
	
	for(int x = 0; x < arrSize; x++){
		for(int y = 0; y < arrSize; y++){
			if(arr[x][y] == 'i') count++; //Increments count for each infected person in the grid
		}
	}
	
	return count;
}

//===============Header File==================
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream> //stringbuf
#include <utility> //exchange

//Couple rules:
//Characters given through the getter functions have to be removed from the buffer.
    //This is so that bufferEmpty() == buffer.in_avail() > 0 basically always.
    //skipWhitespace doesn't remove the text from the buffer, but it does return the number of characters.
//nextWord will trim whitespace before the word
//nextInt will trim non-numbers before the number
//hasNextInt and hasNextWord will trim the whitespace. If you think you need it, you should get nextWhitespace before doing any of those.
//Whitespace after a word or an int is left on the buffer.
//nextWhitespace will (get and) remove whitespace until the end of the line, including the newline character, but stops before the next line.
    //nextWhitespace won't read the next line when called before the end of the line, and it won't prompt the user for the next line if interactive.
        //If nextWhitespace is called after reading the end of the line, then it will read a new line into the buffer, which will prompt the user.
    //It acts like nextLine, but if there's something non-whitespace on the current line it stops there.
class Scanner {
    public:
        std::stringbuf buffer;
        std::istream& input;
        
        Scanner(std::istream& in = std::cin) : buffer(), input(in) {}
        
    //Buffer debugging
        bool fillBuffer();
    
        bool bufferEmpty();
        void printBufferEmpty();
        std::string getBuffer();
        size_t bufferLength();
        void printBufferStats();
    
    //Int
        bool hasNextInt();
        int nextInt();
    
    //Word
        bool hasNextWord();
        std::string nextWord();
    
    //Line
        bool hasNextLine();
    
    //Whitespace
        size_t skipWhitespace();    //Prob should be private, but I don't believe in that private shit.
        bool hasNextWhitespace();
        std::string nextWhitespace();
        std::string nextWhitespaceAll();
        std::string nextLine();
};

//===============Source File==================
bool Scanner::fillBuffer() {    //Returns if it had to get the next line from the input.
    const bool badInput = input.eof() || input.bad();
    const bool shouldFillBuffer = bufferEmpty() && !badInput;
    if (shouldFillBuffer) {
        std::string line;
        if (std::getline(input, line)) {
            buffer.str(buffer.str() + line + "\n");
        }
    }
    return shouldFillBuffer;
}

bool Scanner::bufferEmpty(){
    return buffer.str() == "";
}
void Scanner::printBufferEmpty(){
    std::cout << "The buffer is " << (bufferEmpty()? "" : "not") << " empty." << std::endl;
}

std::string Scanner::getBuffer(){
    return buffer.str();
}
size_t Scanner::bufferLength(){
    return buffer.str().length();
}
void Scanner::printBufferStats(){
    if(bufferEmpty()){
        std::cout << "The buffer is \"\"" << std::endl;
        return;
    }
    std::cout << "The length of the buffer is " << bufferLength() << std::endl;
    if(buffer.sgetc() == '\r'){
        std::cout << "The buffer is \\r\\n" << std::endl;
    }else if(buffer.sgetc() == '\n'){
        std::cout << "The buffer is \\n" << std::endl;
    }
}

bool Scanner::hasNextInt() {
    return hasNextWord() && (std::isdigit(buffer.sgetc()) || buffer.sgetc() == '-');
}

int Scanner::nextInt() {
    if (!hasNextInt()) {   //Will fill the buffer if not filled. Will also trim whitespace.
        return 0;
    }
    
    std::string num;
    size_t charactersRead = 0;
    while (buffer.in_avail() > 0 && (std::isdigit(buffer.sgetc()) || buffer.sgetc() == '-')) {
        num += buffer.sbumpc();
        ++charactersRead;
    }
    buffer.str(buffer.str().erase(0, charactersRead));
    return std::stoi(num);
}

bool Scanner::hasNextWord() {
    nextWhitespaceAll();
    return buffer.in_avail() > 0;
}

std::string Scanner::nextWord() {
    if (!hasNextWord()) {   //Will fill the buffer if not filled. Will also trim whitespace.
        return "";
    }
    
    std::string word;
    size_t charactersRead = 0;
    while (buffer.in_avail() > 0 && !std::isspace(buffer.sgetc())) {
        word += buffer.sbumpc();
        ++charactersRead;
    }
    buffer.str(buffer.str().erase(0, charactersRead));
    return word;
}

bool Scanner::hasNextLine() {
    return (!bufferEmpty()) || fillBuffer();
}

size_t Scanner::skipWhitespace() {   //Returns characters read
    size_t charactersRead = 0;
    while (buffer.in_avail() > 0 && std::isspace(buffer.sgetc())) {
        buffer.sbumpc();
        ++charactersRead;
    }
    return charactersRead;
}
bool Scanner::hasNextWhitespace(){
    fillBuffer();
    return buffer.in_avail() > 0 && std::isspace(buffer.sgetc());
}
std::string Scanner::nextWhitespace() {
    if (!hasNextWhitespace()) {   //Will fill the buffer if not filled
        return "";
    }
    const size_t charactersRead = skipWhitespace();
    std::string whitespace = buffer.str().substr(charactersRead);
    buffer.str(buffer.str().erase(0, charactersRead));
    return whitespace;
}
std::string Scanner::nextWhitespaceAll(){
    std::string whitespace;
    while(hasNextWhitespace()){
        std::string gottenWhiteSpace = nextWhitespace();
        whitespace += gottenWhiteSpace;
    }
    return whitespace;
}
std::string Scanner::nextLine(){
    if (!hasNextLine()) {
        return "";
    }
    
    fillBuffer();
    //Swap out the old buffer with an empty buffer, and get the old buffer as a variable.
    std::string line = std::exchange(buffer, std::stringbuf()).str();
    
    //Remove the newline.
    if(line[line.length() - 1] == '\n' || line[line.length() - 1] == '\r' ) line.pop_back();
    if(line[line.length() - 1] == '\r' || line[line.length() - 1] == '\n' ) line.pop_back();
    return line;
}


//=================Word and Int test=================
while(bruh.hasNextInt() || bruh.hasNextWord()){
    std::cout << "started loop" << std::endl;
    if(bruh.hasNextInt()){
        std::cout << "Int: " << bruh.nextInt() << " " << std::endl;
    }else{
        std::cout << "Word: " << bruh.nextWord() << " " << std::endl;
    }
    bruh.nextWhitespace();
}
//===================Line test======================
for(int count = 1; bruh.hasNextLine(); ++count){
    std::string line = bruh.nextLine();
    std::cout << "Line " << count << ": " << line << std::endl;
}

#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/utsname.h>

int main() {
    char newHostname[] = "newhostname"; // Replace with the desired hostname

    if (sethostname(newHostname, strlen(newHostname)) == 0) {
        std::cout << "Hostname set to: " << newHostname << std::endl;

        // Optionally, update the /etc/hostname file to make the change permanent
        FILE *hostnameFile = fopen("/etc/hostname", "w");
        if (hostnameFile != NULL) {
            fprintf(hostnameFile, "%s\n", newHostname);
            fclose(hostnameFile);
        } else {
            perror("Failed to update /etc/hostname");
        }
    } else {
        perror("Failed to set hostname");
    }

    return 0;
}