# Python program for implementation of Selection
# Sort
import sys
A = [64, 25, 12, 22, 11]

# Traverse through all array elements
for i in range(len(A)):
	
	# Find the minimum element in remaining
	# unsorted array
	min_idx = i
	for j in range(i+1, len(A)):
		if A[min_idx] > A[j]:
			min_idx = j
			
	# Swap the found minimum element with
	# the first element		
	A[i], A[min_idx] = A[min_idx], A[i]

# Driver code to test above
print ("Sorted array")
for i in range(len(A)):
	print("%d" %A[i]),

my_list = ["blue", "red", "green"]

#1- Using sort or srted directly or with specifc keys
my_list.sort() #sorts alphabetically or in an ascending order for numeric data 
my_list = sorted(my_list, key=len) #sorts the list based on the length of the strings from shortest to longest. 
# You can use reverse=True to flip the order

#2- Using locale and functools 
import locale
from functools import cmp_to_key
my_list = sorted(my_list, key=cmp_to_key(locale.strcoll))

def insertion_sort(arr):
    # Traverse through 1 to len(arr)
    for i in range(1, len(arr)):
        key = arr[i]
        # Move elements of arr[0..i-1], that are greater than key,
        # to one position ahead of their current position
        j = i - 1
        while j >= 0 and key < arr[j]:
            arr[j + 1] = arr[j]
            j -= 1
        arr[j + 1] = key

# Example usage:
arr = [12, 11, 13, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10]
insertion_sort(arr)
print("Sorted array is:", arr)

def clamp_number(num, a, b):
  return max(min(num, max(a, b)), min(a, b))
  
clamp_number(2, 3, 5) # 3
clamp_number(1, -1, -5) # -1

import itertools
import string
import time

def guess_password(real):
    chars = string.ascii_lowercase + string.ascii_uppercase + string.digits + string.punctuation
    attempts = 0
    for password_length in range(1, 9):
        for guess in itertools.product(chars, repeat=password_length):
            startTime = time.time()
            attempts += 1
            guess = ''.join(guess)
            if guess == real:
                return 'password is {}. found in {} guesses.'.format(guess, attempts)
            loopTime = (time.time() - startTime);
            print(guess, attempts, loopTime)

print("\nIt will take A REALLY LONG TIME to crack a long password. Try this out with a 3 or 4 letter password and see how this program works.\n")
val = input("Enter a password you want to crack that is 9 characters or below: ")
print(guess_password(val.lower()))

# Python Program to calculate the square root

num = float(input('Enter a number: '))

num_sqrt = num ** 0.5
print('The square root of %0.3f is %0.3f'%(num ,num_sqrt))