from statistics import median, mean, mode

def print_stats(array):
  print(array)
  print("median =", median(array))
  print("mean   =", mean(array))
  print("mode   =", mode(array))
  print()

print_stats([1, 2, 3, 3, 4])
print_stats([1, 2, 3, 3])

# Given a number n, print all primes smaller than or equal to n. It is also given that n is a small number.
# For example, if n is 10, the output should be “2, 3, 5, 7”. If n is 20, the output should be “2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19”.


# Python program to print all primes smaller than or equal to
# n using Sieve of Eratosthenes

def SieveOfEratosthenes(n):
	
	# Create a boolean array "prime[0..n]" and initialize
	# all entries it as true. A value in prime[i] will
	# finally be false if i is Not a prime, else true.
	prime = [True for i in range(n + 1)]
	p = 2
	while (p * p <= n):
		
		# If prime[p] is not changed, then it is a prime
		if (prime[p] == True):
			
			# Update all multiples of p
			for i in range(p * 2, n + 1, p):
				prime[i] = False
		p += 1
	prime[0]= False
	prime[1]= False
	# Print all prime numbers
	for p in range(n + 1):
		if prime[p]:
			print (p)

# driver program
if __name__=='__main__':
    n = 30
    print("Following are the prime numbers smaller")
    print("than or equal to ", n)
    print("than or equal to ", n)
    SieveOfEratosthenes(n)

# Input for row and column
R = int(input())
C = int(input())

# Using list comprehension for input
matrix = [[int(input()) for x in range (C)] for y in range(R)]

import subprocess

class CommandRunner:
    def run_command(self, command):
        command_process = subprocess.Popen(command, shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, text=True)
        output = command_process.communicate()[0].strip()
        return_code = command_process.returncode
        return output, return_code

def main():
    # Create instance of CommandRunner
    runner = CommandRunner()
    
    # Define the command
    command = 'ping -c 4 localhost'
    
    try:
        # Run the command and get output and return code
        output, return_code = runner.run_command(command)
        
        # Print the output and return code
        print(f"Command output:\n{output}")
        print(f"Return code: {return_code}")
        
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"An error occurred: {e}")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

from collections import defaultdict

def combine_values(*dicts):
  res = defaultdict(list)
  for d in dicts:
    for key in d:
      res[key].append(d[key])
  return dict(res)
  
d1 = {'a': 1, 'b': 'foo', 'c': 400}
d2 = {'a': 3, 'b': 200, 'd': 400}

combine_values(d1, d2) # {'a': [1, 3], 'b': ['foo', 200], 'c': [400], 'd': [400]}

def when(predicate, when_true):
  return lambda x: when_true(x) if predicate(x) else x

double_even_numbers = when(lambda x: x % 2 == 0, lambda x : x * 2)
print(double_even_numbers(2)) # 4
print(double_even_numbers(1)) # 1