// Time Complexity : O(N)
// Space Complexity : O(1)
 
var isMonotonic = function(nums) {
    let isMono = null;
    for(let i = 1; i < nums.length; i++) {
        if(isMono === null) {
            if(nums[i - 1] < nums[i]) isMono = 0;
            else if(nums[i - 1] > nums[i]) isMono = 1;
            continue;
        }
        if(nums[i - 1] < nums[i] && isMono !== 0) {
            return false;
        }
        else if(nums[i - 1] > nums[i] && isMono !== 1) {
            return false;
        }
    }
    
    return true;
    
};

let nums1 = [1,2,2,3]
let nums2 = [6,5,4,4]
let nums3 = [1,3,2]

console.log(isMonotonic(nums1));
console.log(isMonotonic(nums2));
console.log(isMonotonic(nums3));

const celsiusToFahrenheit = (celsius) => celsius * 9/5 + 32;
const fahrenheitToCelsius = (fahrenheit) => (fahrenheit - 32) * 5/9;
// Examples
celsiusToFahrenheit(15);    // 59
celsiusToFahrenheit(0);     // 32
celsiusToFahrenheit(-20);   // -4
fahrenheitToCelsius(59);    // 15
fahrenheitToCelsius(32);    // 0

class TreeNode {
  constructor(key, value = key, parent = null) {
    this.key = key;
    this.value = value;
    this.parent = parent;
    this.children = [];
  }

  get isLeaf() {
    return this.children.length === 0;
  }

  get hasChildren() {
    return !this.isLeaf;
  }
}

class Tree {
  constructor(key, value = key) {
    this.root = new TreeNode(key, value);
  }

  *preOrderTraversal(node = this.root) {
    yield node;
    if (node.children.length) {
      for (let child of node.children) {
        yield* this.preOrderTraversal(child);
      }
    }
  }

  *postOrderTraversal(node = this.root) {
    if (node.children.length) {
      for (let child of node.children) {
        yield* this.postOrderTraversal(child);
      }
    }
    yield node;
  }

  insert(parentNodeKey, key, value = key) {
    for (let node of this.preOrderTraversal()) {
      if (node.key === parentNodeKey) {
        node.children.push(new TreeNode(key, value, node));
        return true;
      }
    }
    return false;
  }

  remove(key) {
    for (let node of this.preOrderTraversal()) {
      const filtered = node.children.filter(c => c.key !== key);
      if (filtered.length !== node.children.length) {
        node.children = filtered;
        return true;
      }
    }
    return false;
  }

  find(key) {
    for (let node of this.preOrderTraversal()) {
      if (node.key === key) return node;
    }
    return undefined;
  }
}

const tree = new Tree(1, 'AB');

tree.insert(1, 11, 'AC');
tree.insert(1, 12, 'BC');
tree.insert(12, 121, 'BG');

[...tree.preOrderTraversal()].map(x => x.value);
// ['AB', 'AC', 'BC', 'BCG']

tree.root.value;              // 'AB'
tree.root.hasChildren;        // true

tree.find(12).isLeaf;         // false
tree.find(121).isLeaf;        // true
tree.find(121).parent.value;  // 'BC'

tree.remove(12);

[...tree.postOrderTraversal()].map(x => x.value);
// ['AC', 'AB']

const permutations = arr => {
  if (arr.length <= 2) return arr.length === 2 ? [arr, [arr[1], arr[0]]] : arr;
  return arr.reduce(
    (acc, item, i) =>
      acc.concat(
        permutations([...arr.slice(0, i), ...arr.slice(i + 1)]).map(val => [
          item,
          ...val,
        ])
      ),
    []
  );
};
permutations([1, 33, 5]);
// [ [1, 33, 5], [1, 5, 33], [33, 1, 5], [33, 5, 1], [5, 1, 33], [5, 33, 1] ]

const compactObject = val => {
  const data = Array.isArray(val) ? val.filter(Boolean) : val;
  return Object.keys(data).reduce(
    (acc, key) => {
      const value = data[key];
      if (Boolean(value))
        acc[key] = typeof value === 'object' ? compactObject(value) : value;
      return acc;
    },
    Array.isArray(val) ? [] : {}
  );
};

const obj = {
  a: null,
  b: false,
  c: true,
  d: 0,
  e: 1,
  f: '',
  g: 'a',
  h: [null, false, '', true, 1, 'a'],
  i: { j: 0, k: false, l: 'a' }
};
compactObject(obj);
// { c: true, e: 1, g: 'a', h: [ true, 1, 'a' ], i: { l: 'a' } }

const countSubstrings = (str, searchValue) => {
  let count = 0,
    i = 0;
  while (true) {
    const r = str.indexOf(searchValue, i);
    if (r !== -1) [count, i] = [count + 1, r + 1];
    else return count;
  }
};

countSubstrings('tiktok tok tok tik tok tik', 'tik'); // 3
countSubstrings('tutut tut tut', 'tut'); // 4