//===============replaceString.c===============
#include "replaceString.h"

//Normally I'd make a replaceStringMalloc to return a malloced string or a replaceStringMut to change the original string, but I'm not satisfied with those function names so it's best just to do to = (char*)malloc(replaceStringLength(from, replace, replacement)); replaceString(to, from, replace, replacement);
//If this was c++, I'd have no problem just overloading replaceString
//Returns the length of the resulting string (minus the null char)
size_t replaceStringLength(const char* from, const char* replace, const char* replacement){
	size_t fromLength = strlen(from);
	size_t replaceLength = strlen(replace);
	size_t replacementLength = strlen(replacement);
	size_t fromEndIt = 0;
	size_t toLength = 0;
	while(fromEndIt < fromLength){
	int replaceIt = 0;
	while(replaceIt < replaceLength && (fromEndIt+replaceIt) < fromLength && from[fromEndIt + replaceIt] == replace[replaceIt]){
	++replaceIt;
	}
	if(replaceIt == replaceLength){
	//Update from buffer iterator positions
	toLength += (fromEndIt + replacementLength);
	from += (fromEndIt + replaceLength);
	fromEndIt = 0;
	continue;
	}
	++fromEndIt;
	}
	toLength += fromEndIt;
	return toLength;
}
//Baller replaceString by Leif Messinger
//Needs null terminated from, replace, and replacement strings as well as a large block of memory to store the result.
void replaceString(char* to, const char* from, const char* replace, const char* replacement){
	size_t fromLength = strlen(from);
	size_t replaceLength = strlen(replace);
	size_t replacementLength = strlen(replacement);
	size_t fromEndIt = 0;
	while(fromEndIt < fromLength){
	int replaceIt = 0;
	while(replaceIt < replaceLength && (fromEndIt+replaceIt) < fromLength && from[fromEndIt + replaceIt] == replace[replaceIt]){
	++replaceIt;
	}
	if(replaceIt == replaceLength){
	//Copy the string before the matched bit
	memcpyToAndShiftPointers(to, from, fromEndIt);
	//Copy the replacement too
	memcpyToAndShiftPointer(to, replacement, replacementLength);
	//Update from buffer iterator positions
	from += replaceLength;
	fromEndIt = 0;
	continue; //I don't want this thing to get incremented again
	}
	++fromEndIt;
	}
	//Copy the rest of the unmatched string
	memcpyToAndShiftPointer(to, from, fromEndIt);
	to[0] = '\0'; //Should work
}
//===============replaceString.h===============
#ifndef REPLACE_STRING_H
#define REPLACE_STRING_H
#include <string.h>

#define memcpyToAndShiftPointer(to,from,n); memcpy((to),(from),(n)); (to) += (n);
#define memcpyToAndShiftPointers(to,from,n); memcpy((to),(from),(n)); (to) += (n); (from) += n;

//Normally I'd make a replaceStringMalloc to return a malloced string or a replaceStringMut to change the original string, but I'm not satisfied with those function names so it's best just to do to = (char*)malloc(replaceStringLength(from, replace, replacement)); replaceString(to, from, replace, replacement);
//If this was c++, I'd have no problem just overloading replaceString
//Returns the length of the resulting string (minus the null char)
size_t replaceStringLength(const char* from, const char* replace, const char* replacement);
//Baller replaceString by Leif Messinger
//Needs null terminated from, replace, and replacement strings as well as a large block of memory to store the result.
void replaceString(char* to, const char* from, const char* replace, const char* replacement);
#endif
//===============replaceStringMain.c===============
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "replaceString.h"

#define BUFFER_SIZE (1<<21) //About a mebibyte
//There could be matches between buffers, so make sure the buffer size you set it to is good enough for your application. Basically as big as your input.

//Replaces strings from sdtin, then outputs it to stdout
//./a.out [[replace], [replacement]]...
int main(int argc, char** argv){
	char* buffer1 = (char*) malloc(BUFFER_SIZE);
	char* buffer2 = (char*) malloc(BUFFER_SIZE);
	if(buffer1 == NULL || buffer2 == NULL){
	perror("You need a couple MBs of ram my boy");
	return 1;
	}
	while(!feof(stdin)){
	fread(buffer1, BUFFER_SIZE, 1, stdin);
	char* activeBuffer = buffer1;
	char* inactiveBuffer = buffer2;
	char* tmp;
	for(size_t i = 1; (i + 1) < argc; i += 2){
	//puts(activeBuffer);
	replaceString(inactiveBuffer, activeBuffer, argv[i], argv[i+1]);
	//Swap buffers
	tmp = activeBuffer;
	activeBuffer = inactiveBuffer;
	inactiveBuffer = tmp;
	}
	fputs(activeBuffer, stdout);
	}
	free(buffer1);
	free(buffer2);
	return 0;
}

// Server side implementation of UDP client-server model
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>

#define PORT     8008
#define MAXLINE 1024

// Driver code
int main(){
        int sockfd;
        char buffer[MAXLINE];
        char *hello = "Hello from server";
        struct sockaddr_in servaddr, cliaddr;

        // Creating socket file descriptor
        if ( (sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0 ) {
                perror("socket creation failed");
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }

        memset(&servaddr, 0, sizeof(servaddr));
        memset(&cliaddr, 0, sizeof(cliaddr));

        // Filling server information
        servaddr.sin_family    = AF_INET; // IPv4
        servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
        servaddr.sin_port = htons(PORT);

        // Bind the socket with the server address
        if ( bind(sockfd, (const struct sockaddr *)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr)) < 0 ){
                perror("bind failed");
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }

        int len, n;

        len = sizeof(cliaddr);  //len is value/result

        n = recvfrom(sockfd, (char *)buffer, MAXLINE, MSG_WAITALL, ( struct sockaddr *) &cliaddr, &len);
        buffer[n] = '\0';
        printf("Client : %s\n", buffer);
        sendto(sockfd, (const char *)hello, strlen(hello), MSG_CONFIRM, (const struct sockaddr *) &cliaddr, len);
        printf("Hello message sent.\n");

        return 0;
}

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

calculate(a, b)
int a;
int b;
{
        printf("%d", a+b);
}

main(argc, argv)
int argc;
char** argv;
{
        if(argc < 3){
                return 0;
        }
        calculate(atoi(argv[1]), atoi(argv[2]));
}

// Server side implementation of UDP client-server model
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>

#define PORT 8008
#define RECIEVE_BUFFER_SIZE 1024
const char* responseMessage = "Hello from server";

// Driver code
int main() {

        //Create a UDP socket
        //int socket(int domain, int type, int protocol);
        //Domain is the place where the data goes. AF_BLUETOOTH, AF_INET6, AF_UNIX is local communication between different programs
        //Type is the type of connection, so connection based (TCP), connectionless (UDP) or somewhere in between or beyond
        //Protocol is an enum or flags that give some more options specific to that type. For SOCK_STREAM, you can force it to use SCTP instead of TCP. For SOCK_RAW, it can give you control over the ip frame, and even the ethernet frame.
        //So this function makes a file descriptor to an IPV4 UDP 'connection' with no options.
        int sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
        // Creating socket file descriptor
        if ( sockfd < 0) {
                perror("socket creation failed");
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }


        struct sockaddr_in serverAddress;
        memset(&serverAddress, 0, sizeof(serverAddress));

        // Filling server information
        serverAddress.sin_family = AF_INET; // IPv4
        serverAddress.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
        serverAddress.sin_port = htons(PORT);

        // Bind the socket with the server address
        if(bind(sockfd, (const struct sockaddr*)&serverAddress, sizeof(serverAddress))){        //Bind returns 0 if succeeded, or -1 if failed. -1 is still true.
                perror("bind failed");
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }

        struct sockaddr_in clientAddress; unsigned int clientAddressSize = sizeof(clientAddress);
        memset(&clientAddress, 0, clientAddressSize);

        char buffer[RECIEVE_BUFFER_SIZE];
        int bytesRecieved = recvfrom(sockfd, (char*)buffer, RECIEVE_BUFFER_SIZE, MSG_WAITALL, (struct sockaddr*) &clientAddress, &clientAddressSize); //sets clientAddress to the client's address and the new size
        buffer[bytesRecieved] = '\0';
        printf("Client : %s\n", buffer);

        sendto(sockfd, (const char*)responseMessage, strlen(responseMessage), MSG_CONFIRM, (const struct sockaddr*) &clientAddress, clientAddressSize);
        printf("Hello message sent.\n");

        return 0;
}

// compile: gcc socketTCPServer.c -o socketTCPServer.out
// usage  : ./socketTCPServer.out port
// Server

#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
        int listenfd = 0, connfd = 0, cli_size, portno;

        struct sockaddr_in serv_addr, cli_addr;

        char sendBuff[1025];

        if((listenfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1){
                printf("socket error\n");
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }

        memset(&serv_addr, '0', sizeof(serv_addr));
        memset(sendBuff, '0', sizeof(sendBuff));

        serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
        serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
        portno = atoi(argv[1]);
        serv_addr.sin_port = htons(portno);

        const int on = 1;
        setsockopt(listenfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &on, sizeof(on));

        if(bind(listenfd, (struct sockaddr*)&serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr)) == -1){
                printf("bind error\n");
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }


        if(listen(listenfd, 5) == -1){
                printf("listen error\n");
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }

        while(1){
                cli_size = sizeof(cli_addr);
                if((connfd = accept(listenfd, (struct sockaddr*)&cli_addr, &cli_size)) == -1){
                        printf("accept error\n");
                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }

                strcpy(sendBuff, "Server Message: SUCCESS\n");
                write(connfd, sendBuff, strlen(sendBuff));

                close(connfd);
                sleep(1);
        }
        return 0;
}

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>

int main() {
  char * cmd[] = {
    "who",
    "ls",
    "date"
  };
  int i;
  printf("0=who 1=ls 2=date : ");
  scanf("%d", & i);
  execlp(cmd[i], cmd[i], (char * ) 0);
  printf("execlp failed\n");
  return 0;
}