function binarySearch(nums: number[], target: number): number {
    let left = 0;
    let right = nums.length - 1;

    while (left <= right) {
        const mid = left + Math.floor((right - left) / 2);

        if (nums[mid] === target) {
            return mid;
        } else if (nums[mid] < target) {
            left = mid + 1;
        } else {
            right = mid - 1;
        }
    }

    return left;
}

function searchInsert(nums: number[], target: number): number {
    return binarySearch(nums, target);
};

const getFollowers = async (req: Request, res: Response) => {
  try {
    const username = req.params.username || '';

    const user = await User.findUnique({
      where: { username },
      include: { followedBy: true },
    });

    if (!user) {
      res.status(404).json({
        error: 'User could not be found',
      });
      return;
    }

    const followers = user.followedBy.map(followedBy => {
      return {
        followerId: followedBy.followerId,
      };
    });

    const followersCount = followers.length;

    res.json({ followersCount: followersCount, followers });
  } catch (error) {
    console.error('getFollowers() error: ', error);
    res.status(500).json({
      error: `There was an error fetching followers for user with username "${req.params.username}", please try again later`,
    });
  }
};

const getFollowing = async (req: Request, res: Response) => {
  try {
    const username = req.params.username || '';

    const user = await User.findUnique({
      where: { username },
      include: { following: true },
    });

    if (!user) {
      res.status(404).json({
        error: 'User could not be found',
      });
      return;
    }

    const following = user.following.map(following => {
      return {
        followingId: following.followingId,
      };
    });

    const followingCount = following.length;

    res.json({ followingCount: followingCount, following });
  } catch (error) {
    console.error('getFollowing() error: ', error);
    res.status(500).json({
      error: `There was an error fetching who is following "${req.params.username}", please try again later`,
    });
  }
};

const followUser = async (req: Request, res: Response) => {
  try {
    const username = req.params.username || '';

    const user = await User.findUnique({
      where: { username },
    });

    if (!user) {
      res.status(404).json({
        error: 'User could not be found',
      });
      return;
    }

    // dont allow a user to follow themselves
    if (req.user.id === user.id) {
      res.status(400).json({ error: 'You cannot follow yourself' });
      return;
    }

    //check if a follow relationship already exists
    const followrelationship = await prisma.follows.findUnique({
      where: {
        followerId_followingId: {
          followerId: req.user.id,
          followingId: user.id,
        },
      },
    });

    // check if the follow relationship already exists
    if (followrelationship) {
      res.status(400).json({ error: 'You are already following this user' });
      return;
    }

    // create the follow relationship
    const follow = await prisma.follows.create({
      data: {
        followerId: req.user.id,
        followingId: user.id,
      },
    });

    res.json({ follow });
  } catch (error) {
    console.error('followUser() error: ', error);
    res.status(500).json({
      error: `There was an error following "${req.params.username}", please try again later`,
    });
  }
};

const unfollowUser = async (req: Request, res: Response) => {
  try {
    const username = req.params.username || '';

    const user = await User.findUnique({
      where: { username },
    });

    if (!user) {
      res.status(404).json({
        error: 'User could not be found',
      });
      return;
    }

    // dont allow a user to unfollow themselves
    if (req.user.id === user.id) {
      res.status(400).json({ error: 'You cannot unfollow yourself' });
      return;
    }

    //check if a follow relationship already exists
    const followrelationship = await prisma.follows.findUnique({
      where: {
        followerId_followingId: {
          followerId: req.user.id,
          followingId: user.id,
        },
      },
    });

    // check if the follow relationship already exists
    if (!followrelationship) {
      res.status(400).json({ error: 'You are not following this user' });
      return;
    }

    // delete the follow relationship
    const follow = await prisma.follows.delete({
      where: {
        followerId_followingId: {
          followerId: req.user.id,
          followingId: user.id,
        },
      },
    });

    res.json({ follow });
  } catch (error) {
    console.error('unfollowUser() error: ', error);
    res.status(500).json({
      error: `There was an error unfollowing "${req.params.username}", please try again later`,
    });
  }
};

class DFS
{
   public dfs(G: DFSGraph, startVert: number)
   {
       let visited: boolean[] = Array<boolean>();
       // Pre-populate array:
       for(let i = 0; i < G.size; i++)
       {
           visited.push(false);
       }

       let s: number[] = new Array();

       visited[startVert] = true;

       s.push(startVert);

       while(s.length > 0)
       {
           const v = s.pop();
           for(let adjV of G.adj[v])
           {
               if(!visited[adjV])
               {
                   visited[adjV] = true;
                   s.push(adjV);
               }
           }
       }
   }

   public dfsRecursive(G: DFSGraph, startVert: number)
   {
       let visited: boolean[] = Array<boolean>();
       // Pre-populate array:
       for(let i = 0; i < G.size; i++)
       {
           visited.push(false);
       }
       this.dfsAux(G, startVert, visited);
   }

   private dfsAux(G: DFSGraph, v: number, visited: boolean[])
   {
       visited[v] = true;
       for(let adjV of G.adj[v])
       {
           if(!visited[adjV])
           {
               // this.foo(); // Something can happen before the visit.
               this.dfsAux(G, adjV, visited);
               // this.bar(); // Something can happen after the visit.
           }
       }
   }
}

function removeDuplicates(nums: number[]): number {
    nums.splice(0, nums.length, ...Array.from(new Set(nums)));
    return nums.length;
};

class DFS
{
   public dfs(G: DFSGraph, startVert: number)
   {
       let visited: boolean[] = Array<boolean>();
       // Pre-populate array:
       for(let i = 0; i < G.size; i++)
       {
           visited.push(false);
       }

       let s: number[] = new Array();

       visited[startVert] = true;

       s.push(startVert);

       while(s.length > 0)
       {
           const v = s.pop();
           for(let adjV of G.adj[v])
           {
               if(!visited[adjV])
               {
                   visited[adjV] = true;
                   s.push(adjV);
               }
           }
       }
   }

   public dfsRecursive(G: DFSGraph, startVert: number)
   {
       let visited: boolean[] = Array<boolean>();
       // Pre-populate array:
       for(let i = 0; i < G.size; i++)
       {
           visited.push(false);
       }
       this.dfsAux(G, startVert, visited);
   }

   private dfsAux(G: DFSGraph, v: number, visited: boolean[])
   {
       visited[v] = true;
       for(let adjV of G.adj[v])
       {
           if(!visited[adjV])
           {
               // this.foo(); // Something can happen before the visit.
               this.dfsAux(G, adjV, visited);
               // this.bar(); // Something can happen after the visit.
           }
       }
   }
}

// This function takes a matrix and outputs 4 equal size submatrices, starting from top left going to bottom right.
const split = (matrix: number[][]): number[][][] => {
	const n: number = matrix.length
	const mid: number = n/2 
	
	const C11: number[][] = new Array<Array<number>> // first n/2 rows intersection first n/2 columms
	const C12: number[][] = new Array<Array<number>> // first n/2 rows intersection last n/2 columns
	const C21: number[][] = new Array<Array<number>> // last n/2 rows intersection first n/2 columns
	const C22: number[][] = new Array<Array<number>> // last n/2 rows intersection last n/2 columns

	for(let i: number = 0; i < mid; i++) {
	C11.push([])
	C12.push([])
	
	for (let j: number = 0; j < mid; j++) {
	C11[i].push(matrix[i][j])
	}

	for (let j: number = mid; j < n; j++) {
	C12[i].push(matrix[i][j])
	}
	}

	for(let i: number = 0; i < mid; i++) {
	C21.push([])
	C22.push([])
	
	for (let j: number = 0; j < mid; j++) {
	C21[i].push(matrix[i+mid][j])
	}

	for (let j: number = mid; j < n; j++) {
	C22[i].push(matrix[i+mid][j])
	}
	}

	return [C11, C12, C21, C22]
}


// This function takes 4 matrices, in order from top left to bottom right, and combines them into one matrix
const combine = (A: number[][], B: number[][], C: number[][], D: number[][]): number[][] => {

	const n: number = A.length*2
	const combo: number[][] = new Array<Array<number>>

	// Populate combo with temporary 0s
	for(let i: number = 0; i < A.length; i++) {
	combo.push([])

	for (let j: number = 0; j < A.length; j++) {
	combo[i].push(A[i][j])
	}

	for (let j: number = A.length; j < n; j++) {
	combo[i].push(B[i][j-A.length])
	}
	}

	for(let i: number = A.length; i < n; i++) {
	combo.push([])

	for (let j: number = 0; j < A.length; j++) {
	combo[i].push(C[i-A.length][j])
	}

	for (let j: number = A.length; j < n; j++) {
	combo[i].push(D[i-A.length][j-A.length])
	}
	}
	
	return combo
}

// Basic matrix addition function
const matrix_add = (A: number[][], B: number[][]): number[][] => {
	const matrix_sum: number[][] = [[]]
	const n: number = A.length

	for(let i: number = 0; i < n; i++) {
	matrix_sum[i] = []
	for (let j: number = 0; j < n; j++) {
	matrix_sum[i][j] = A[i][j] + B[i][j]
	}
	}
	
	return matrix_sum
}


// Basic matrix subtraction function
const matrix_subtract = (A: number[][], B: number[][]): number[][] => {
	const matrix_diff: number[][] = [[]]
	const n: number = A.length

	for(let i: number = 0; i < n; i++) {
	matrix_diff[i] = []
	for (let j: number = 0; j < n; j++) {
	matrix_diff[i][j] = A[i][j] - B[i][j]
	}
	}
	
	return matrix_diff
}

const strassen = (A: number[][], B: number[][]): number[][] => {
	const n: number = A.length
	var C: number[][] = [[]]

	// Populate C with temporary 0s
	for(let i: number = 0; i < n; i++) {
	C[i] = []
	for (let j: number = 0; j < n; j++) {
	C[i][j] = 0
	}
	}

	// Once the matrices reach a small enough size, compute using the brute force method
	if (n <= 2) {
	for (let i: number = 0; i < n; i++) {
	for (let j: number = 0; j < n; j++) {
	for (let z: number = 0; z < n; z++) {
	C[i][j] = C[i][j] + (A[i][z]*B[z][j])
	}
	}
	}
	return C
	}

	// Create independent variables from function that returns an array with array destructuring.
	const [a, b, c, d] = split(A)
	const [e, f, g, h] = split(B)

	// Using Strassen's method to calculate 1 less product
	const p1: number[][] = strassen(matrix_add(a, d), matrix_add(e,h))
	const p2: number[][] = strassen(d, matrix_subtract(g, e))
	const p3: number[][] = strassen(matrix_add(a, b), h)
	const p4: number[][] = strassen(matrix_subtract(b, d), matrix_add(g, h))
	const p5: number[][] = strassen(a, matrix_subtract(f, h))
	const p6: number[][] = strassen(matrix_add(c, d), e)
	const p7: number[][] = strassen(matrix_subtract(a, c), matrix_add(e, f))

	const C11: number[][] = matrix_add(matrix_subtract(matrix_add(p1, p2), p3), p4)
	const C12: number[][] = matrix_add(p5, p3)
	const C21: number[][] = matrix_add(p6, p2)
	const C22: number[][] = matrix_subtract(matrix_subtract(matrix_add(p5, p1), p6), p7)

	C = combine(C11, C12, C21, C22)

	return C
}

const M1: number[][] = [[1,3],[7,5]]
const M2: number[][] = [[6,8],[4,2]]

const M_Product: number[][] = strassen(M1, M2)

console.log("Matrix 1:")
console.log(M1)
console.log("Matrix 2:")
console.log(M2)
console.log("Product: ")
console.log(M_Product)